Anti-ageing therapies – How safe are they

With the growing popularity of selfies, social filters, and high-definition screens, maintaining a youthful appearance is perceived as a necessity. Many marketing campaigns advertise products or procedures that claim to reduce the visible effects of aging, often promising results such as “turning back the clock” or “erasing a decade.”  Various products and procedures, including topical treatments, injectables, and advanced technologies, are widely available as part of the expanding anti-ageing industry. But as people rush toward these anti-ageing miracles, an important question remains:

How safe are anti-ageing therapies, really?

The answer is not straightforward. It depends on individual choices, health considerations, and, most significantly, the qualifications your advisor. This blog aims to critically evaluate the safety profile of anti-ageing regimens and interventions, providing readers with an informed, balanced, and accessible overview of current practices in the field of anti-ageing medicine.

What Does “Anti-Ageing Therapy” Mean Today?

“Anti-ageing therapy” isn’t just one thing—it’s a wide spectrum that includes:

• Topical skincare (like retinoids and antioxidants),
• Injectables (like Botox or dermal fillers),
• Energy-based devices (like HIFU or lasers), and
• Anti-Ageing Medicine (like hormone therapy and supplements).

Some of these have decades of research behind them, others are still riding the wave of hype. Non-invasive anti-aging treatments are often considered a first step for those seeking to improve the appearance of their skin. These options are popular due to their convenience and minimal recovery time; however, “non-invasive” does not equate to being without risk. Being aware of potential side effects is essential for an informed approach to anti-aging care.

Topical Treatments and Their Effects

Accessible at-home anti-aging therapies include products with ingredients such as retinoids (retinol, tretinoin), alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), and vitamin C, which have been shown to stimulate collagen production and enhance skin texture. Despite their benefits, these active compounds can also lead to side effects including skin irritation, redness, dryness, and flaking, particularly when starting use. Additionally, they can increase photosensitivity, making consistent sun protection an important part of daily skincare to reduce the possibility of further skin issues or sun damage.

Injections: Precision and Caution

Injectable treatments such as Botox and dermal fillers are widely used non-surgical options for addressing wrinkles and volume loss. When performed by a board-certified Plastic surgeon or dermatologist, these procedures generally have a favourable safety record. The most frequently reported side effects include mild bruising, swelling, and tenderness at the injection site, which are typically temporary. Procedures performed by individuals who are not qualified may result in more significant complications. For example, improperly administered Botox can cause temporary muscle drooping, while incorrect placement of fillers may produce lumps, asymmetry, or, in rare cases, vascular occlusion that could lead to tissue damage. Therefore, selecting a qualified practitioner is important.

Energy-Based Therapies: New wave

A range of anti-ageing treatments now utilise energy-based approaches aimed at improving skin appearance. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU), radiofrequency (RF) microneedling, and various laser therapies are included in this category. These treatments create controlled micro-injuries in the skin, prompting the body’s natural healing processes and increasing collagen production. The safety of these procedures depends on both the type of device used and the expertise of the practitioner. For instance, HIFU is generally considered a method for tightening skin with minimal downtime, though temporary redness and swelling can occur. Laser resurfacing may significantly alter skin texture but requires careful post-treatment care to minimise risks of scarring or pigmentation changes. It is important to note that such anti-ageing treatments are classified as medical procedures. Consulting with a qualified professional is necessary to determine individual suitability and to fully understand possible side effects.

 Anti-Ageing Medicine and Its Debates

The term “anti-ageing therapy” is commonly used for cosmetic procedures, while “anti-ageing medicine” refers to a broader field focused on influencing the biological processes of ageing. This includes interventions such as hormone replacement and dietary supplements. Safety considerations are notable in this area, as some protocols lack substantial scientific validation or regulatory approval. For instance, certain clinics offer hormone treatments like testosterone or human growth hormone, which may not be regulated and have documented risks, including heart attacks, blood clots, and specific cancers. Issues have also been raised about the diagnoses that justify these treatments and related marketing practices. Although maintaining a balanced diet and regular exercise is widely recommended for overall health, evidence supporting the effectiveness of many anti-ageing supplements, particularly those high in antioxidants, remains inconclusive; some studies have shown potential adverse effects. It is important to distinguish between evidence-based approaches and those without strong supporting data when considering strategies related to ageing.

Crafting a Safe and Effective Anti-Ageing Regimen

Developing a safe and effective anti-ageing regimen requires a comprehensive approach. The consensus from medical experts is clear: it’s not about finding a single magic bullet, but about making informed, holistic choices.

Start with the Lifestyle: The most effective anti-ageing regimen begins with lifestyle choices. A balanced diet rich in antioxidants, regular physical activity, adequate hydration, and sufficient sleep are the cornerstones of maintaining health and youthful vitality. Sunscreen is your best friend—daily application is the most powerful anti-ageing tool at your disposal.

Seek Professional Guidance: The single most important step is to consult a qualified medical professional. They can provide a proper skin assessment, understand your individual health profile, and recommend a safe, targeted treatment plan that addresses your specific concerns.

Be Sceptical of the Hype: Question bold claims and promises that seem too good to be true. Look for treatments and products with a solid track record of safety and efficacy, backed by clinical data, not just testimonials.

Embrace Non-Invasive with Caution: If you choose to explore non-invasive treatments, ensure the facility is reputable and the practitioner is highly trained and experienced. Ask about their qualifications, the specific devices they use, and what to expect in terms of both results and potential side effects.

Final Thoughts: Stay Curious, Stay Safe, Stay You

Anti-ageing therapies can absolutely be part of a healthy self-care plan. But safety should never be sacrificed for fast results. Education, evidence, and expert care are the foundations of every effective anti-ageing regimen. Youthfulness isn’t about erasing years—it’s about enhancing the way you feel in your own skin.

Summary: How Safe Are Anti-Ageing Therapies?

Dr SUDHIRKUMAR NAVADIYA

ELYSIAN PLASTIC SURGERY, SURAT

Disclaimer : The opinions here are personal views of the authors. IAAPS is not responsible. All members may not have the same scientific view point